The Terminology

Addressing the Ball - Taking a stance and grounding the club (except in a hazard)
Away - Ball furthest from the hole
Birdie - One stroke under the designated par of a hole
Bogey - Usually one stroke over the designated par of a hole
Divot - Turf displaced by player's club when making a swing
Dog-leg - A hole in which the route of play angles to the right or left before reaching the putting surface
Eagle - Two stokes under par for a hole
Fairway - Closely mowed route of play between teeing area and putting green
Fore - A warning cry to any person in the way of play
Green - The putting surface
Handicap - A deduction from a player's gross score devised to match his score against par to equate differential abilities to other players
Hazard - A term used to designate bunkers(sand traps or water areas
Hook - A stroke made by a right-handed player which curves the ball to the left of the target
Match play - Type of competition in which each hole is a separate contest
Par - A numerical standard of scoring excellence hole based on yardage and two putts per green
Stroke play - Competition based on total number of strokes taken